Alpine marmot in massif of Vanoise and the Ecrins

Alpine marmot

Scientific name: Marmota marmota

Family: Sciuridae

Weight: 4 to 8 kg

Overview

The Alpine marmot is a wholly herbivorous rodent that belongs to the Sciuridae family. This species inhabits the Alpine regions at altitudes ranging from 1,500 to 3,000 meters. Renowned for its sociable nature, the marmot has become a symbol of the Alps. To alert others of impending danger, it emits a distinct whistle, primarily to warn against its main predators: the eagle and the fox.

Social structure

Living in family-based groups, the marmot’s colonies typically consist of 5 to 12 individuals, including a breeding pair and their offspring, which may stay for two to three years. Each family has its own burrow, which the marmot digs extensively, creating a complex network of tunnels.

Hibernation and seasonal behavior

During winter, the marmots hibernate in their burrows, which are lined with hay. They seal their entrances around September to October and remain inside until spring. As the weather warms, they begin to emerge from their burrows. Throughout the summer months, these animals engage in foraging to build up fat reserves essential for their survival during the winter.